Automatic mode – Everyone uses this mode (I think) basically, it tells your camera what Shitter speed, aperture, ISO, white balance etc., to use. This is really good for beginners.

Portrait mode – This mode will make your camera get a bigger aperture (Smaller aperture) to help with the background, and mainly getting your subject in focus.

Macro Mode – This mode lets you get closer up to your subject, mainly really good for smaller subjects like bugs or flowers, and better focusing distance.

Landscape mode – This is almost the exact opposite of portrait mode, so smaller aperture (Bigger aperture) and helps your photo be in really good focus.

Sports Mode – This mode is to photograph moving subjects/objects. This is mainly used in sports, or race car driving. By increasing the shutter speed.

Night mode – Is the mode for nighttime photography, it uses a longer shutter speed to help get background and illuminate the foreground and subject.

Movie Mode- This mode helps with capturing movements, like actions, but this is mainly helped for sound.

Aperture Priority (A or AV) – Semi- Manual mode where you choose the aperture while the camera works on the other stuff. (ISO, SHUTTER SPEED ETC.)

Shutter Priority mode (S or TV (Taylor’s version) – basically the same as AV, but you control the Shutter speed.

Program Mode (P) – Some cameras have this in priority mode. It gives you a bit more control like white balance.

Manual Mode – You have full control of your camera.